Abstract: From the four dimensions of the social quality theory, the main problems of current rural sustainable development and construction are as follows:first, rural environmental pollution affects the economic security function of social quality; second, the decline of "acquaintance society" affects social cohesion; third, the phenomenon of rural social exclusion restricts the inclusive development of rural society; finally, the limitation of rural subject participation hinders the realization of power. Therefore, it's necessary to take improving the function of social economic security as the basis, consider strengthening social cohesion and building a credible society as the focus, regard reducing social exclusion as the bridge, treat achieving villagers' empowerment as the ultimate goal, so as to promote the sustainable development of rural areas.