Abstract: Hu Shi attached importance to translation and had his own unique understanding to the translation theory-"faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance". In translation practice, Hu Shi also made great achievements. He translated foreign aphorisms, which disseminated new ideology and concept. He translated foreign poems, which injected new blood into Chinese new poetry. He translated A Collection of Short Stories, which was very popular and was the bestseller at that time. As an initiator and leader of the New Culture Movement, translation was one of his important tools to write new literature.