Abstract: In ancient Chinese society, the organs of a state formal regime set up only to the county level, there is a saying “not imperial county”. Below the county, rural grass-roots society mainly implement autonomy with gentry as the main body, the local social culture and education has close contact with the gentry class. In the Qing dynasty, the establishment and repair of schools, examination booths and other educational examination institutions, as well as the prosperity of local education and talent cultivation in Huaining county contribute greatly to the prosperity of local educational development.