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公司清算义务人的主体范围界定——以《民法典》和《公司法司法解释二》的适用关系为出发点

Definition of the Subject Scope of Company Liquidation Obligors——Starting from the Application Relationship between Civil Code and Judicial Interpretation II of Company Law

  • 摘要: 《民法典》第七十条同现行法规完全一致,将法人的清算义务人界定为董事、理事等执行机构或决策机构成员,而最高人民法院《公司法司法解释二》中规定是有限公司的清算义务人是全体股东,股份公司的清算义务人是董事和控股股东,有别于此一般规定。考虑到公司法是特别法,在《公司法司法解释二》废止前,仍应当继续按照《公司法司法解释二》的规定认定公司清算义务人,同时考虑到清算义务人的义务来源等,有限公司一律采全体股东作为清算义务人欠妥,而应给中小股东举证其未参与经营管理,而不可能完成清算义务的机会,不应一律认定其为清算义务人。

     

    Abstract: Article 70 of the Civil Code is completely consistent with the current laws and regulations, which defines the liquidation obligors of legal persons as members of executive or decision-making organs such as directors and directors. The Judicial Interpretation Ⅱ of the Company Law of the Supreme People's court stipulates that the liquidation obligors of limited companies are the whole shareholders, and the liquidation obligors of joint-stock companies are directors and controlling shareholders, which is different from this general provision. Considering that the company law is a special law, before the repeal of Judicial Interpretation II of the Company Law, it is still necessary to continue to identify the liquidation obligors in accordance with the provisions of Judicial Interpretation II of the Company Law. At the same time, considering the source of the obligations of the liquidation obligors, it is not proper for a limited company to adopt all the shareholders as the liquidation obligors, but the opportunity should be given to small and medium shareholders to prove that they have not participated in the operation and management andcould not complete the liquidation obligation, which should not be regarded as the liquidation obligor.

     

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