Abstract: Martin Empson thinks that the root of the ecological crisis is the capitalist system, which must be completely rejected if we are to break out of the current increasingly severe ecological predicament. From the nature of the capitalist system, he analyzes the three factors that make this system so destructive, describes the inevitable environmental and food crises under the capitalist system and its hidden worries, and emphasizes that the idea of solving ecological problems within the framework of capitalism is unrealistic, and that it is therefore necessary to break through the confinement of the capitalist system in order to realize the emancipation of human beings and nature. An in-depth examination of Martin Empson’s ecological critique of the capitalist system enables us to recognize more clearly that the logic of the operation of the capitalist system is contrary to ecological protection, and inspires us that we must adhere to the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, adhere to the path of modernization in which human beings and nature coexist harmoniously, and make efforts to build a socialist ecological civilization of Chinese characteristics in the new era.