Abstract: A questionnaire survey was conducted on 503 students from eight universities in Anhui Province to analyze the current situation of college students’ red culture identity. The study found that college students’ cognition of red culture is positively related to their emotions and behaviors; organizational learning is positively related to the emotions of red culture; and organizational learning is positively related to their attitudes and learning behaviors. Colleges and universities should pay attention to strengthening college students’ cognition of red culture, cultivating their emotions towards red culture, changing their attitudes towards red culture, and further enhancing their behavior towards red culture.