Abstract: Taking the female fencers in the Chinese national team who are preparing for the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games as the subjects, their physical quality index and physical characteristics are studied to establish the index system of Chinese female fencers’ sports quality, and to serve the training practice better. It is found that fencing requires higher core strength, anaerobic endurance, movement and moving speed, while foil and epee require higher aerobic endurance, while fencing requires higher explosive force. The indexes of sports quality were selected as 30 meters, 400 meters, 3000 meters, 10 times of lunge back, 2-5-7 meters * 2 times of step back, standing body forward bending, trunk stability, 30 seconds of double jump rope, 20 times of barbell bar fast rising and bicycle peak power.