Abstract: The high-quality development of the agricultural and sideline food processing industry is directly related to people’s life and health. On the basis of clarifying the connotation of the high-quality development of the agricultural and sideline food processing industry, the article builds a comprehensive evaluation system for the high-quality development of the agricultural and sideline food processing industry, which includes five dimensions: technological innovation, green environmental protection, safety and stability, industrial organization, and industrial benefits. Using the data from 2001 to 2019, the high-quality development level and main restrictive factors of China’s agricultural and sideline food processing industry were measured and analyzed. This paper puts forward multi-dimensional suggestions to promote the high-quality development of agricultural and sideline food processing industry, which are: strengthening leading enterprises, ensuring supply and quality safety, enhancing the strength of scientific and technological innovation, speeding up industrial transformation and upgrading, and further promoting green development.