Abstract: Chinese mental health education must fully respect Chinese national conditions, face up to all kinds of psychological conflicts and contradictions in the social, economic and educational practices since the reform and opening up, and aim at promoting the mental health development of the students based on the national psychological and mental health needs. Researching, exploring and establishing the socialist theoretical system of mental health education with Chinese characteristics in the new era is the only way to run education by taking root in Chinese education and to reflect Chinese characteristics. A series of mental health education policies and measures promulgated by the Party Central Committee and the State Council have provided a solid policy guarantee for the establishment of the socialist mental health theoretical system with Chinese characteristics in the new era. Mental health education cannot “lose spirit” and must be supported by the guidance of ideological values. Ideals and beliefs are the “spiritual calcium” of mental health education. The spiritual pedigree of the Chinese Communists is the inexhaustible “ideological and political protection” of mental health education. The concept of “prevention being fundamental and treatment being strategic” is an important principle of mental health education.