Abstract: Carrying out aesthetic education in universities helps to enhance the aesthetic ability and humanistic literacy of contemporary college students, shape their moral character and beautiful soul, and is also of great significance for cultivating new generations who shoulder the great responsibility of national rejuvenation. At present, there are difficulties in the aesthetic education work in universities, such as weakened values in aesthetic education, incomplete curriculum system, insufficient resource investment, and lack of evaluation system. Universities should strengthen aesthetic education work and enhance the aesthetic literacy of college students by deepening the reform of aesthetic education teaching, optimizing practical expression forms, cultivating professional teaching staff, creating campus aesthetic education culture, and improving the aesthetic education evaluation system.