Abstract: Based on the entropy weight TOPSIS method, this paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system for the innovation ability of state-owned high-tech enterprises, and measures the innovation ability level of China’s state-owned high-tech enterprises from 2012 to 2020. The results are as follows: (1) From 2012 to 2020, the innovation ability of China’s state-owned high-tech enterprises as a whole shows a fluctuating upward trend, in sub-item indicators, innovation output, environment and sustainable index show upward trend while innovation input shows downward trend. (2) The innovation ability of China’s state-owned high-tech enterprises in eastern, central, western and northeastern parts shows a fluctuating upward trend, with the central part increasing greatly, the western increasing least, while the eastern is far ahead, and presents “east high west low” ladder-like distribution characteristics. The overall difference between the innovation ability of state-owned high-tech enterprises in the eastern region and the central, western and northeastern regions is narrowing, while the gap is widening with the western part. (3) The innovation ability of state-owned high-tech enterprises in Guangdong and Beijing etc., ranks among the best, while innovation sustainability is their weakness. While the innovation ability of state-owned high-tech enterprises Gansu, Yunnan etc., follows behind, but they have advantages in innovation sustainability.