Abstract: Traditional methods have many difficulties in identifying the poor, so it is necessary to use big data to accurately alleviate poverty. At home and abroad, there are many examples of finding poor people by using big data. Big data can be used to accurately identify potential and existing poor people and poverty areas to make policies more effective. In order to use big data to take targeted measures in poverty alleviation, it is necessary to establish a unified information network and adopt the methods of man-machine combination and personalized assistance.