Abstract: Rural environment governance is an important issue in the protection of ecological environment in China. Through field investigation of L County in Anhui province, it is found that rural environment governance has achieved some results, but there are still some problems, such as deviations in guiding ideology of environmental protection, weak awareness of environment protection of relevant subjects, less participation of social forces, shortcomings in supervision methods, and extensive use of environment deposits. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the legal system of rural environment governance, establish correct guiding ideology of rural environment protection, adhere to the dominant position of the government in environment governance, and play the role of multiple subjects. At the same time, the rural environment supervision system should be innovated and the non-legal norms should be given full play while environment deposits are rationally used.