Abstract: Taking 158 students of English major and non-English major in the second year of a university as anexample, the high and low level group was formed to participate in the experiment.The results show that the method of “deliberate vocabulary learning” is obviously better than the method of “incidental vocabulary acquisition”, which is especially suitable for high-level learners.The “incidental vocabulary acquisition” method has little effect on the learning of idioms and polysemants,but the effect of “deliberatevocabulary acquisition” method is obviously better than that of “incidental vocabulary acquisition”, which is more obvious for the high-level group.For the learning of polysemants, learners in the high and low level groups can achieve certain learning effects through “deliberate vocabulary learning”, and the learning level has a great influence on the learning of polysemants by “deliberate vocabulary learning”.