Abstract: Anhui Province is an important part of the Yangtze River Delta, but there is still a gap between its regional innovation capacity and that of Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, and other provinces and cities. If Anhui Province wants to further narrow the gap with Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai, and compete for the first place in the rankings of various provinces and cities across the country, it must increase social R&D investment, promote the construction of scientific and technological innovation platforms, strengthen industry-university-research cooperation, enhance the conversion rate of scientific and technological achievements, and improve the scale and quality of foreign investment to promote higher-quality development in the Yangtze River Delta.