Abstract: After nearly 30 years of development, the governance of China's state-controlled listed companies has achieved positive results, and the traditional governance structure of “three meetings and one layer” has generally ensured the standardized and orderly operation and management of the company. However, there are still irregularities and unscientific aspects in the governance of state-controlled listed companies in China, especially in the new era, how to unify strengthening the leadership of the Party and improving corporate governance, integrating the Party organization into all aspects of corporate governance and embedded in the corporate governance structure, and clarifying and implementing the legal status of the Party organization in the corporate governance structure of the company, all need to be addressed urgently. The governance of state-controlled listed companies and their structures should be improved to form a governance system with effective checks and balances, so as to make management more standardized, decision-making more scientific and operation more efficient.